Aim:　This　study　constructed　novel　gradient　Sr-containing　calcium　phosphate　cement　(CPC)　by　means　of　biomimetic　synthesis　and　investigated　the　biocompatibility　of　this　material　using　L-929　fibroblasts　and　young　rabbit　osteoblasts.　Methods:　From　November　2006　to　April　2007,　the　experiment　was　carried　out　in　the　Department　of　Oral-Maxillofacial　Surgery,　Stomatological　College　at　the　Fourth　Military　Medical　University　of　Chinese　PLA　and　the　State　Key　Laboratory　for　Mechanical　Behavior　of　Materials　at　Xi＇an　Jiaotong　University.　1　Novel　gradient　Sr-containing　CPCs　were　biomimetic　synthesized.　2　The　new　biomaterials　were　contacted　with　L-929　fibroblast　cells　and　rabbit＇s　osteoblasts　in　different　situations.　3　MTT　assay　was　used　to　detect　the　cell　proliferation　activity,　and　relative　proliferation　rate　was　calculated　and　graded　according　to　6-level　toxicity　classification.　Morphology　of　cells　was　determined　by　using　contrast　phase　microscope　and　scanning　electron　microscope.　Alkaline　phosphatase　assay　was　applied　for　the　influence　of　leaching　liquor　on　the　rabbit　osteoblast　function.　Cytotoxicity,　capacity　of　promoting　the　adhesion,　proliferation　and　expression　of　osteoblasts　as　well　as　biodegradable　potential　were　all　detected.　Results:　No　cytotoxicity,　good　adhesion　and　proliferation　of　osteoblasts　to　the　surface　were　detected　in　Sr-containing　CPC　by　means　of　biomimetic　synthesis,　indicating　active　biodegradation　might　occur　in　Sr-containing　CPC.　Conclusion:　The　gradient　Sr-containing　CPC　synthesized　biomimetically　shows　good　biocompatibility　in　vitro,　and　can　be　used　safely　in　tissue　engineering　bone　scaffold.