©　2017,　Editorial　Board　of　Journal　of　Xi＇an　Jiaotong　University　(Medical　Sciences).　All　right　reserved.　Objective:　To　observe　the　effects　of　dexmedetomidine　(DEX)　on　the　expressions　of　TNF-α,　IL-1β　and　apoptosis-related　proteins　in　rat　mesenteric　artery.　Methods:　Male　SD　rats　of　SPF　grade　were　sacrificed　and　the　mesenteric　artery　was　separated　under　the　stereo-microscope.　We　established　an　experimental　model　of　vascular　injury　induced　by　lipopolysaccharide　(LPS)　and　randomly　divided　the　injured　vessels　into　dexmedetomidine　treatment　group　and　control　group.　DEX　treatment　group　was　divided　into　10-8,　10-7,　and　10-6　mol/L　subgroups　according　to　the　different　concentrations　of　DEX.　RNA　and　total　protein　was　extracted　in　each　group.　The　mRNA　expressions　of　TNF-α,　IL-1β　and　CaSR　were　detected　by　RT-PCR　and　the　protein　expression　of　TNF-α,　Caspase-3　and　AMPK　were　tested　by　Western　blot.　Results:　DEX　(10-8,　10-7,　and　10-6mol/L)　obviously　reduced　vascular　inflammatory　reaction　induced　by　lipopolysaccharide,　reduced　the　mRNA　and　protein　expressions　of　TNF-α　as　well　as　mRNA　expression　of　IL-1β.　Caspase　3　protein　expression　significantly　lowered　in　blood　vessels　in　DEX　group　compared　with　LPS　group.　DEX　had　no　obvious　effect　on　lipopolysaccharide-induced　vascular　AMPK　and　CaSR　mRNA　or　protein　expressions.　Conclusion:　DEX　obviously　deceased　the　expressions　of　inflammation-related　proteins,　suggesting　that　DEX　has　anti-inflammatory　effects.