In　this　work,　a　multiphase　microstructure　consisting　of　nanobainte,　martensite,　undissolved　spherical　carbide,　and　retained　blocky　austenite　has　been　prepared　in　an　Al-alloyed　high　carbon　steel.　The　effect　of　the　amount　of　nanobainite　on　the　dry　sliding　wear　behavior　of　the　steel　is　studied　using　a　pin-on-disc　tester　with　loads　ranging　from　25-75　N.　The　results　show　that,　there　is　no　significant　differences　in　specific　wear　rate　(SWR)　for　samples　with　various　amounts　of　nanobainite　when　the　normal　load　is　25　N.　While,　the　SWR　firstly　decreases　and　then　increases　with　increasing　the　amount　of　nanobainite,　and　the　optimum　wear　resistance　is　obtained　for　samples　with　60　vol.%　nanobainite,　when　the　applied　load　increases　to　50　and　75　N.　The　improved　wear　resistance　is　attributed　to　the　peak　hardness　increment　resulted　from　the　transformation　of　retained　austenite　to　martensite,　work　hardening,　along　with　amorphization　and　nanocrystallization　of　the　worn　surface.　In　addition,　the　highest　toughness　of　the　samples　with　60　vol.%　nanobainite　is　also　proven　to　play　a　positive　role　in　resisting　sliding　wear.　EDS　(energy　dispersion　spectrum)　and　XRD　(X-ray　diffraction)　examinations　reveal　that　the　predominant　failure　mechanism　is　oxidative　wear.