Based　on　geospatial　analysis,　this　paper　studies　the　relationship　between　social　systems　and　ecosystems　in　Yinchuan　Plain　through　the　analysis　of　environmental　and　resource　indicators.　Firstly,　the　ecosystem　system　configuration　model　was　optimized　based　on　system　dynamics　(SD).　Secondly,　different　development　strategies　were　analysed　through　Vensim　PLE　combined　with　scenario　simulation.　Lastly,　the　environmental　impact　factors　such　as　air　quality,　SO2,　wastewater,　solid　waste,　energy　consumption　per　unit　output　value,　expenditure　for　environmental　protection　and　green　coverage　rate　in　built-up　area,　etc　were　studied.　In　summary,　this　paper　provides　a　theoretical　basis　and　realistic　basis　for　the　sustainable　development　of　the　Yinchuan　Plain.　©　2019　IOP　Publishing　Ltd.