Transforming　growth　factor-β1　(TGF-β1)　is　one　of　the　most　important　cytokines　leading　to　liver　fibrosis　and　is　most　closely　to　the　development　and　progression　of　liver　fibrosis　and　extracellular　matrix　(ECM)　metabolism.　Numerous　studies　have　demonstrated　that　TGF-β1　plays　a　significant　role　in　the　occurrence,　development　and　progression　of　live　fibrosis.　Many　therapeutic　approaches　targeting　TGF-β1,　especially　gene　therapy　and　immunotherapy,　have　been　proposed　to　treat　hepatic　fibrosis　in　recent　years.　Here,　we　will　review　the　recent　advances　in　understanding　the　role　of　TGF-β1　in　the　pathogenesis　of　liver　fibrosis.