High-performance　electromagnetic　interference　(EMI)　shielding　materials　are　highly　desirable　in　high-tech　fields,　particularly　in　high　temperature　conditions,　whereas　long　term　effectiveness　of　the　EMI　shielding　performance　still　remains　a　challenge.　Herein,　polyimide-based　PI@MXene@ANFs/PI　hybrid　foams　assembled　with　MXene　and　polyimide　bilayer　coatings　were　fabricated　via　a　facile　strategy　of　freeze-drying　plus　thermal　imidization　followed　by　two-step　dip-coating.　More　specifically,　MXene　coating　acted　as　conducting　layer　to　ensure　the　electrical　conductivity　of　hybrid　foams　and　polyimide　coating　served　as　protecting　layer　to　enhance　the　long-term　effectiveness　of　the　hybrid　foams　by　protecting　MXene　coating　from　oxidation　during　use.　Benefiting　from　the　conductive　MXene　coating　and　porous　structure　of　the　as-prepared　hybrid　foams,　massive　EMWs　were　converted　into　heat　energy　via　ohmic　losses,　resulting　in　excellent　EMI　shielding　performance　of　MXene@ANFs/PI　and　PI@MXene@ANFs/PI　hybrid　foams　with　an　absorption-dominant　EMI　shielding　mechanism　in　terms　of　EMI　SE.　After　heat-treated　at　250　°C　for　100　h,　the　average　EMI　SET　of　PI@MXene@ANFs/PI-35　foam　was　slightly　decreased　by　4.97%　from　46.3　to　44.0　dB,　yet　65.85%　from　48.9　to　16.7　dB　for　MXene@ANFs/PI-35　foam.　The　results　indicated　that　the　special　bilayer　coatings　endowed　the　polyimide-based　foams　with　lightweight,　outstanding　EMI　shielding　and　anti-oxidation　performance,　presenting　great　prospects　for　the　long-term　application　in　extreme　conditions.　©　2022　Elsevier　B.V.